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Sumário “...Preface Contents Contributors 1 Seismic Engineering of Monuments 1.1 The Significance of the Subject 1.2 Structural Interventions and the Conflict of Values 1.3 Importance, Visitability and Acceptable Damage-Levels 1.4 Historical and Experimental Documentation, and Uncertainty Levels 1.4.1 Introduction 1.4.2 Experimental Documentation Instrumental In-Situ Methods Laboratory Methods Monitoring (in-Time) 1.4.3 Uncertainty Levels 1.5 Structural Analysis 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 General Criteria for the Selection of the Methods of Analysis 1.5.3 Reliable Discretisation for Each Method of Analysis 1.5.4 Analysis of --Sculptured Stones/Dry Joints-- Monuments (Graeco--Roman) 1.6 Evaluation of Resistances 1.6.1 Semi-analytic Strength Determination 1.6.2 Additional In-Situ Strength Determination 1.6.3 In-Lab Testing of Replicas 1.6.4 Testing on Earthquake Simulators 1.6.5 Resistance of Walls or Columns Made of Sculptured Stones/Dry Joints (Graeco--Roman) 1.7 Assessment of the Actual Seismic Capacity of the Monument 1.8 Selection of the Re-design Earthquake for the Structural Intervention 1.8.1 Historic Data 1.8.2 Actual Seismological Studies 1.8.3 Pre-selected Seismic Loads 1.9 Preliminary Designs 1.10 Selection of the Final Optimal Solution 1.11 Annex Deformational Characteristics of Masonry in Monuments References References Related to Experimental Investigation Part I Engineering Seismology 2 Microzonation for Earthquake Scenarios 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Seismic Hazard and Earthquake Motion 2.3 Site Characterizations 2.4 Microzonation with Respect to Ground Motion 2.5 Comparisons with Previous Microzonation Studies 2.6 Microzonation with Respect to PGA 2.7 Microzonation with Respect to PGV 2.8 Conclusions References 3 Analysis of Regional Ground Motion Variations for Engineering Application 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Methods for Analyzing Regional IM Variations 3.2.1 Comparison of GMPEs 3.2.2 Analysis of Variance 3.2.3 Overall Goodness of Fit of GMPE to Data 3.2.4 Verification of Specific GMPE Attributes Relative to Regional Data 3.3 Discussion and Conclusions References Part II Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering 4 Non Linear Soil Structure Interaction: Impact on the Seismic Response of Structures 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Linear Soil Structure Interaction 4.3 Non Linear Soil Structure Interaction 4.4 Problem Description 4.5 Description of the Macroelement 4.5.1 Generalized Variables 4.5.2 Elastic Range 4.5.3 Plasticity Model 4.5.4 Uplift -- Plasticity Coupling 4.5.5 Model Parameters 4.5.5.1 Viscoelastic Parameters 4.5.5.2 Bounding Surface Parameters 4.5.5.3 Plasticity Model Parameters 4.6 Superstructure Model 4.7 Incremental Dynamic Analyses 4.7.1 Intensity Measures 4.7.2 Damage Measures 4.7.3 Time Histories 4.8 Structural Behavior in the Light of Incremental Dynamic Analyses 4.8.1 Typical Result of a Dynamic Analysis 4.8.2 Statistical Results 4.9 Conclusions References 5 From Non-invasive Site Characterization to Site Amplification: Recent Advances in the Use of Ambient Vibration Measurements 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Array Measurements and Processing of Ambient Vibrations 5.2.1 Hardware 5.2.2 Software 5.2.3 Derivation and Inversion of Rayleigh Wave Ellipticity 5.3 Testing of Ambient Vibration Array Techniques 5.3.1 Technical and scientific considerations 5.3.2 Cost Considerations 5.4 Usefulness for Routine Applications: Derivation of Noise-Compatible Site Amplification Prediction Equations (SAPE) 5.5 Conclusions References 6 Effects of Non-plastic Fines on Liquefaction Resistance of Sandy Soils 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Observations from Laboratory Studies 6.2.1 Influence of Fines on Packing (Soil Skeleton Structure) 6.2.2 Basis for Comparison 6.2.3 Effects of Fines on Liquefaction Resistance 6.2.3.1 Void Ratio as a Reference State 6.2.3.2 Relative Density as a Reference State 6.2.3.3 Equivalent Intergranular Void Ratio as a Reference State 6.3 Interpretation of Field-Based Criteria for Liquefaction Resistance of Sands with Fines 6.3.1 SPT-Criteria for Liquefaction Resistance 6.3.2 Correlation Between Relative Density and SPT Blow Count 6.3.3 SPT-Criteria for Liquefaction Resistance Expressed in Terms of Relative Density 6.4 Summary and Conclusions References Part III Seismic Performance of Buildings 7 Performance Based Seismic Design of Tall Buildings 7.1 Introduction 7.2 What Is a Tall Building? ...”
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